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Population, Midyear 2022: 47,558,630
Population Density (Number of Persons per Square Kilometer): 94.67
Life Expectancy at Birth, 2022: 83.91
Projected Population, Midyear 2030: 47,076,573
Percentage of Total Population Aged 65 and Older, Midyear 2022: 20.27%
Projected Percentage of Total Population Aged 65 and Older, Midyear 2030: 24.67%
Projected Percentage of Total Population Aged 65 and Older, Midyear 2050: 36.55%

Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2023). Data Portal, custom data acquired via website. United Nations: New York. Accessed 12 May 2023.

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Share of the population aged 65 and over, 2021: 19.8%
Share of the population aged 65 and over, 2050: 30.8%
Share of the population aged 80 and over, 2021: 6.1%
Share of the population aged 80 and over, 2050: 11.2%
Adults aged 65 and over rating their own health as good or very good, 2021: 44%
Adults aged 65 and over rating their own health as poor or very poor, by income, 2021
– Lowest quintile: 24%
– Highest quintile: 11%
– Total: 19%
Proportion of adults aged 65 and over reporting limitations in daily activities, 2021
– Some Limitations: 37%
– Severe Limitations: 12%
Share of adults aged 65 and over receiving long-term care, 2021: 12.4%
Estimated prevalence of dementia per 1,000 population, 2021: 16.9
Estimated prevalence of dementia per 1,000 population, 2040: 24.0
Total long-term care spending as a share of GDP, 2021: 1.0%
Long-term care workers per 100 people aged 65 and over, 2021: 4.9
Share of informal carers among the population aged 50 and over, 2019
– Daily carers: 8%
– Weekly carers: 4%
– Total: 12%
Share of long-term care workers who work part time or on fixed contracts, 2021
– Part-time: 22.8%
– Fixed-term contract: 30.5%
Average hourly wages of personal care workers, as a share of economy-wide average wage, 2018
– Residential (facility-based) care: 63%
– Home-based care: 60%
Long-term care beds in institutions and hospitals per 1,000 population aged 65 years and over, 2021
– Institutions: 43.4
– Hospitals: 2.0
Long-term care recipients aged 65 and over receiving care at home, 2021: 83%
Total long-term care spending by provider, 2021
– Nursing home: 52%
– Hospital: 17%
– Home care: 21%
– Households: 8%
– Social providers: 0%
– Other: 1%

Source: OECD (2023), Health at a Glance 2023: OECD Indicators, OECD Publishing, Paris, doi.org/10.1787/7a7afb35-en.

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Population, 2021: 47,487,000
Annual Population Growth Rate, 2020-2030: -0.1%
Life Expectancy at Birth, 2021: 83
Share of Urban Population, 2021: 81%
Annual Growth Rate of Urban Population, 2020-2030: 0.2%

Source: United Nations Children’s Fund, The State of the World’s Children 2023: For every child, vaccination, UNICEF Innocenti – Global Office of Research and Foresight, Florence, April 2023.

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“In 2015, Spain had a population of more than 46 million people, of whom 18.6% were age 65 or older (Instituto Nacional de Estadística, 2016a). In 2050, that percentage will reach 35.3% (Instituto Nacional de Estadística, 2016b). The aging of the Spanish population presents a number of public policy challenges, including the formidable task of managing the healthcare and social needs of an increasingly larger older population in the context of a publicly-funded health system and difficult economic times (Mato, 2014; Serrano, Latorre, & Gatz, 2014).”

Source: Angel Rodriguez-Laso, PhD, MD, MSc, Sara J McLaughlin, PhD, Elena Urdaneta, PhD, Javier Yanguas, PhD, Defining and Estimating Healthy Aging in Spain: A Cross-sectional Study, The Gerontologist, Volume 58, Issue 2, April 2018, Pages 388–398, https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/gnw266

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World Health Systems Facts is a project of the Real Reporting Foundation. We provide reliable statistics and other data from authoritative sources regarding health systems and policies in the US and sixteen other nations.

Page last updated March 6, 2025 by Doug McVay, Editor.