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Life expectancy at birth, 2021: 77.2 years
Share of the population aged 65 and over, 2021: 20.5%
Share of the population aged 65 and over, 2050: 28.3%
Share of the population aged 80 and over, 2021: 4.3%
Share of the population aged 80 and over, 2050: 8.7%
Adults aged 65 and over rating their own health as good or very good, 2021: 28%
Adults aged 65 and over rating their own health as poor or very poor, by income, 2021
– Lowest quintile: 27%
– Highest quintile: 12%
– Total: 21%

Source: OECD (2023), Health at a Glance 2023: OECD Indicators, OECD Publishing, Paris, doi.org/10.1787/7a7afb35-en.

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Population, 2021: 10,511,000
Annual Population Growth Rate, 2020-2030 (%): 0.0%
Life Expectancy at Birth, 2021: 78
Share of Urban Population, 2021: 74%
Annual Growth Rate of Urban Population, 2020-2030 (%): 0.2%
Gini Coefficient, 2010-2019: 24
Palma Index of Income Inequality, 2010-2019: 0.8

Note: Gini coefficient – Gini index measures the extent to which the distribution of income (or, in some cases, consumption expenditure) among individuals or households within an economy deviates from a perfectly equal distribution. A Gini index of 0 represents perfect equality, while an index of 100 implies perfect inequality.
Palma index of income inequality – Palma index is defined as the ratio of the richest 10% of the population’s share of gross national income divided by the poorest 40%’s share.

Source: United Nations Children’s Fund, The State of the World’s Children 2023: For every child, vaccination, UNICEF Innocenti – Global Office of Research and Foresight, Florence, April 2023.

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Population, Midyear 2022: 10,493,986
Population Density (Number of Persons per Square Kilometer): 135.93
Life Expectancy at Birth, 2022: 78.13
Projected Population, Midyear 2030: 10,515,199
Percentage of Total Population Aged 65 and Older, Midyear 2022: 20.64%
Projected Percentage of Total Population Aged 65 and Older, Midyear 2030: 21.65%
Projected Percentage of Total Population Aged 65 and Older, Midyear 2050: 26.14%

Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2023). Data Portal, custom data acquired via website. United Nations: New York. Accessed 12 May 2023.

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“In 2012 the Czech Republic had a population of 10.51 million, of which 50.8% were female, and a population density of 136.1 per km2. In 2011, 94% of the population were ethnic Czechs or Moravians. Ethnic minorities include Slovaks and Roma, as well as Bulgarians, Croatians, Hungarians, Germans, Poles, Ruthenians, Russians, Greeks, Serbs, Ukrainians and Vietnamese (Czech Statistical Office, 2012b). In the 2011 census 10.4% of the inhabitants responded that they were Roman Catholic, approximately 1% identified themselves with one of the Protestant denominations and 41.3% stated that they were agnostic, atheist, non-believers or non-organized believers; the remaining share did not respond (Czech Statistical Office, 2013a).

“Following a slight decline between 1994 and 2002, the population of the Czech Republic has been growing since 2004. The rise can be attributed to immigration, which accounted for more than 96% of total population growth in 2012 (Czech Statistical Office, 2013b). Additionally, in 2006 birth rates exceeded mortality rates for the first time since 1993. This trend continued until 2012, with both parameters at the same level. Yet fertility rates remain lower than the EU28 average (1.58 in 2012) and well below the replacement rate of 2.1 per thousand population in industrialized countries (Espenshade et al., 2003) (see Table 1.1). Thus the Czech Republic continues to struggle with an overall ageing population despite recent increases in birth and fertility rates.”

Source: Alexa J, Rečka L, Votápková J, van Ginneken E, Spranger A, Wittenbecher F. Czech Republic: Health system review. Health Systems in Transition, 2015; 17(1):1–165.

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World Health Systems Facts is a project of the Real Reporting Foundation. We provide reliable statistics and other data from authoritative sources regarding health systems and policies in the US and sixteen other nations.

Page last updated January 29, 2025 by Doug McVay, Editor.