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Current health expenditure (CHE) per capita in US$, 2022: $1,224.43

Source: Global Health Observatory. Current health expenditure (CHE) per capita in US$. Geneva: World Health Organization. Last accessed Jan. 23, 2025.

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Out-of-pocket expenditure (OOP) per capita in US$, 2022: $297.17

Source: Global Health Observatory. Out-of-pocket expenditure (OOP) per capita in US$. Geneva: World Health Organization. Last accessed Jan. 23, 2025.

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Out-of-pocket expenditure as percentage of current health expenditure (CHE) (%), 2022: 24.27%

Source: Global Health Observatory. Out-of-pocket expenditure as percentage of current health expenditure (CHE) (%). Geneva: World Health Organization. Last accessed Jan. 23, 2025.

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Domestic private health expenditure (PVT-D) as percentage of current health expenditure (CHE) (%), 2022: 27.66%

Source: Global Health Observatory. Domestic private health expenditure (PVT-D) as percentage of current health expenditure (CHE) (%). Geneva: World Health Organization. Last accessed Jan. 23, 2025.

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Domestic private health expenditure (PVT-D) per capita in US$, 2022: $338.72

Source: Global Health Observatory. Domestic private health expenditure (PVT-D) per capita in US$. Geneva: World Health Organization. Last accessed Jan. 23, 2025.

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Annual household out-of-pocket payment in current USD per capita, 2020: $297

Source: Global Health Expenditure Database. Health expenditure series. Geneva: World Health Organization. Last accessed May 13, 2023.

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Health expenditure per capita, USD PPP, 2022
– Government/compulsory: $2,055
– Voluntary/Out-of-pocket: $785
– Total: $2,840
Health expenditure as a share of GDP, 2022
– Government/compulsory: 4.9%
– Voluntary/out-of-pocket: 1.9%
Health expenditure by type of financing, 2021
– Government schemes: 15%
– Compulsory health insurance: 58%
– Voluntary health insurance: 2%
– Out-of-pocket: 25%
– Other: 1%
Out-of-pocket spending on health as share of final household consumption, 2021: 3.9%
Price levels in the healthcare sector, 2021 (OECD average = 100): 31
Population reporting unmet needs for medical care, by income level, 2021
– Lowest quintile: 1.5%
– Highest quintile: 0.7%
– Total: 1.2%
Main reason for reporting unmet needs for medical care, 2021
– Waiting list: 0.9%
– Too expensive: 0.2%
– Too far to travel: 0.1%
Population reporting unmet needs for dental care, by income level, 2021
– Lowest quintile: 1.5%
– Highest quintile: 0.4%
– Total: 0.8%
Expenditure on retail pharmaceuticals per capita, USD PPP, 2021
– Prescription medicines: $596
– Total: $596
Expenditure on retail pharmaceuticals by type of financing, 2021:
– Government/compulsory schemes: 45%
– Voluntary health insurance schemes: 3%
– Out-of-pocket spending: 52%
– Other: 0%

Source: OECD (2023), Health at a Glance 2023: OECD Indicators, OECD Publishing, Paris, doi.org/10.1787/7a7afb35-en.

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Total Health Spending, USD PPP Per Capita (2021): $2,748.63

(Note: “Health spending measures the final consumption of health care goods and services (i.e. current health expenditure) including personal health care (curative care, rehabilitative care, long-term care, ancillary services and medical goods) and collective services (prevention and public health services as well as health administration), but excluding spending on investments. Health care is financed through a mix of financing arrangements including government spending and compulsory health insurance (“Government/compulsory”) as well as voluntary health insurance and private funds such as households’ out-of-pocket payments, NGOs and private corporations (“Voluntary”). This indicator is presented as a total and by type of financing (“Government/compulsory”, “Voluntary”, “Out-of-pocket”) and is measured as a share of GDP, as a share of total health spending and in USD per capita (using economy-wide PPPs).”

Source: OECD (2023), Health spending (indicator). doi: 10.1787/8643de7e-en (Accessed on 29 October 2023).

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“OOP [Out-Of-Pocket] expenses comprise over a quarter of all health care spending – a share larger than the average for the EU as a whole (Figure 15). The majority of OOP spending goes on outpatient medical care and outpatient pharmaceuticals. The former reflects the high usage of private health care services because of long waiting times in the public sector, while the latter is a result of high co-payment rates.”

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“The benefits package covered by the health insurance fund is decided at the central level through a positive list for pharmaceuticals and a negative list for medical procedures. While most hospital spending is publicly funded, public coverage for outpatient (ambulatory) medical care, outpatient pharmaceuticals, medical devices and dental care is much narrower. This partly explains relatively high levels of out-of-pocket (OOP) expenditure for these items (see Section 5.2).”

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“In 2019, the government introduced the Act on Entitlements to Social Security Benefits and on Funding These Services. Under the Act, non-insured patients must pay for treatment out of pocket or forgo care, with the exception of emergency care. The Act risks increasing the number of uninsured individuals, since non-insured patients previously paid the insurance fee after receiving treatment and therefore subsequently received coverage.”

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World Health Systems Facts is a project of the Real Reporting Foundation. We provide reliable statistics and other data from authoritative sources regarding health systems and policies in the US and sixteen other nations.

Page last updated February 21, 2025 by Doug McVay, Editor.