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Population, 2023: 68,287,487
Gross National Income, Atlas method (Current USD) (Billions), 2021: $2,971.54
GNI per capita, Atlas method (Current USD), 2021: $43,800
Income Share Held by Lowest 20%, 2021: 7.7%
Gross Domestic Product (Current USD) (Billions), 2021: $2,966.43

Source: World Bank. Country Profile: France. World Development Indicators. Last accessed April 18, 2025.

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Population, 2021: 64,531,000
Share of Urban Population, 2021: 81%
Annual Growth Rate of Urban Population, 2020-2030 (%): 0.4%
Gross Domestic Product Per Capita (Current USD), 2010-2019: $40,496
Share of Household Income, 2010-2019
– Bottom 40%: 23%
– Top 20%: 37%
– Bottom 20%: 9%
Gini Coefficient, 2010-2019: 29
Palma Index of Income Inequality, 2010-2019: 1.1

Note: Gini coefficient – Gini index measures the extent to which the distribution of income (or, in some cases, consumption expenditure) among individuals or households within an economy deviates from a perfectly equal distribution. A Gini index of 0 represents perfect equality, while an index of 100 implies perfect inequality.
Palma index of income inequality – Palma index is defined as the ratio of the richest 10% of the population’s share of gross national income divided by the poorest 40%’s share.

Source: United Nations Children’s Fund, The State of the World’s Children 2023: For every child, vaccination, UNICEF Innocenti – Global Office of Research and Foresight, Florence, April 2023.

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“France is the seventh largest economy in the world and the second largest in Europe. Thanks to its overseas departments and territories, France has the largest exclusive economic zone in the world in terms of area.

“In 2021 the gross domestic product (GDP) of France exceeded US$3 trillion PPP (Table 1.2), with a per capita GDP of US$51,184 PPP, ranking 10th among EU countries. The GDP increased by 7.0% between 2020 and 2021, putting it 1.6 percentage points below the 2019 GDP, following a sharp 7.9 percentage points decrease in 2020 due to the Covid-19 pandemic. The budget deficit was 6.5% of GDP in 2021 (vs. 9.2% in 2020 and 3.1% in 2019).”

Source: Or Z, Gandré C, Seppänen AV, Hernández-Quevedo C, Webb E, Michel M, Chevreul K. France: Health system review. Health Systems in Transition, 2023; 25(3): i–241.

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“In 2020, 28.9 million people (43.3% of the French population, excluding Mayotte) were active in the labour market (Insee, 2021a). Women represented 48.8% of the country’s workforce. The unemployment rate was 8.0%, similar in men and women but much higher in young people (20.2% in the 15–24 age group). When accounting for the halo of unemployment², the unemployment rate rose to 10.3%. After a continuous increase following the 2008 economic crisis, the unemployment rate has been decreasing since 2015.

“Around 14% of the population are below the poverty level, defined as 60% of the country’s median income. This is lower than the EU average (17%). Income differs across the population: the income ratio of the richest 10% and the poorest 10% was 3.5 in 2019, and the Gini index was 0.292 (Table 1.2). In comparison with other European countries, income is more equally distributed than in the Kingdom of the Netherlands, Spain, the United Kingdom or Italy, but less so than in Germany, Belgium and Scandinavian countries (OECD, 2019c).”

Source: Or Z, Gandré C, Seppänen AV, Hernández-Quevedo C, Webb E, Michel M, Chevreul K. France: Health system review. Health Systems in Transition, 2023; 25(3): i–241.

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World Health Systems Facts is a project of the Real Reporting Foundation. We provide reliable statistics and other data from authoritative sources regarding health systems and policies in the US and sixteen other nations.

Page last updated April 18, 2025 by Doug McVay, Editor.